Optimal. Leaf size=39 \[ -\frac{1}{8} \log \left (x^8+x^4+1\right )-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x^4+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{4 \sqrt{3}}+\log (x) \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.0347782, antiderivative size = 39, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 14, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.5, Rules used = {1357, 705, 29, 634, 618, 204, 628} \[ -\frac{1}{8} \log \left (x^8+x^4+1\right )-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x^4+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{4 \sqrt{3}}+\log (x) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1357
Rule 705
Rule 29
Rule 634
Rule 618
Rule 204
Rule 628
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{x \left (1+x^4+x^8\right )} \, dx &=\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x \left (1+x+x^2\right )} \, dx,x,x^4\right )\\ &=\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x} \, dx,x,x^4\right )+\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{-1-x}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^4\right )\\ &=\log (x)-\frac{1}{8} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^4\right )-\frac{1}{8} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1+2 x}{1+x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^4\right )\\ &=\log (x)-\frac{1}{8} \log \left (1+x^4+x^8\right )+\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1+2 x^4\right )\\ &=-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1+2 x^4}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{4 \sqrt{3}}+\log (x)-\frac{1}{8} \log \left (1+x^4+x^8\right )\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [C] time = 0.0858239, size = 138, normalized size = 3.54 \[ \frac{1}{24} \left (-\sqrt{3} \left (\sqrt{3}-i\right ) \log \left (x^2-\frac{i \sqrt{3}}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right )-\sqrt{3} \left (\sqrt{3}+i\right ) \log \left (x^2+\frac{1}{2} i \left (\sqrt{3}+i\right )\right )-3 \log \left (x^2-x+1\right )-3 \log \left (x^2+x+1\right )+24 \log (x)+2 \sqrt{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x-1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )-2 \sqrt{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] time = 0.009, size = 87, normalized size = 2.2 \begin{align*} -{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}+x+1 \right ) }{8}}-{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{12}\arctan \left ({\frac{ \left ( 1+2\,x \right ) \sqrt{3}}{3}} \right ) }+\ln \left ( x \right ) -{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}-x+1 \right ) }{8}}+{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{12}\arctan \left ({\frac{ \left ( 2\,x-1 \right ) \sqrt{3}}{3}} \right ) }-{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{4}-{x}^{2}+1 \right ) }{8}}-{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{12}\arctan \left ({\frac{ \left ( 2\,{x}^{2}-1 \right ) \sqrt{3}}{3}} \right ) } \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [A] time = 1.5315, size = 49, normalized size = 1.26 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{12} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac{1}{8} \, \log \left (x^{8} + x^{4} + 1\right ) + \frac{1}{4} \, \log \left (x^{4}\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A] time = 1.47372, size = 109, normalized size = 2.79 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{12} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac{1}{8} \, \log \left (x^{8} + x^{4} + 1\right ) + \log \left (x\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A] time = 0.150425, size = 41, normalized size = 1.05 \begin{align*} \log{\left (x \right )} - \frac{\log{\left (x^{8} + x^{4} + 1 \right )}}{8} - \frac{\sqrt{3} \operatorname{atan}{\left (\frac{2 \sqrt{3} x^{4}}{3} + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} \right )}}{12} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A] time = 1.08753, size = 49, normalized size = 1.26 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{12} \, \sqrt{3} \arctan \left (\frac{1}{3} \, \sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x^{4} + 1\right )}\right ) - \frac{1}{8} \, \log \left (x^{8} + x^{4} + 1\right ) + \frac{1}{4} \, \log \left (x^{4}\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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